Use of AI to Develop Training Platforms: Is Big Brother Watching?
Nelson N. Stone, MD, explores artificial intelligence (AI) and its potential role in surgical education and training.
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AI and Machine Learning: What the Future Holds
Sigrid V. Carlsson, MD, PhD, MPH, discusses artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning in medicine and urology.
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How AI Improves Imaging Interpretation
Alberto Vargas, MD, examines the integration of AI into prostate MRI, focusing on its current state, challenges, and future implications. In this 19-minute presentation, Dr. Vargas shares that current AI in prostate MRI aims to match the diagnostic accuracy of expert radiologists rather than surpass it, addressing challenges such as subjective variability in radiologist reports and optimization of workflow efficiency.
Deep learning, a subset of AI, emerges as the most promising approach, but concerns linger about its interoperability and blind spots. Ethical considerations are critical, especially the risk of creating unequal access to AI-driven diagnostics. The presentation also stresses the importance of user-friendly software integration within existing imaging platforms.
Dr. Vargas emphasizes the necessity of demonstrating value through improved patient outcomes and experiences. He takes a forward-looking perspective on AI’s evolving role in prostate MRI, balancing optimism with realistic expectations.
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CAPTAIN: A Randomized Controlled Trial of MRI-Guided Transurethral Ultrasound Ablation of the Prostate versus Radical Prostatectomy
Xiaosong Meng, MD, PhD, explores the ongoing CAPTAIN trial, a multinational, randomized clinical study comparing transurethral ultrasound ablation (TULSA) with radical prostatectomy in patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer. The CAPTAIN trial builds on the TACT study, which demonstrated the safety and efficacy of whole-gland ablation using TULSA.
In this 11-minute presentation, Dr. Meng outlines the eligibility criteria for the CAPTAIN trial participants and reviews the study schema. The trial aims to provide level 1 evidence of safety and efficacy, addressing the need for robust comparative studies to support guideline adoption of ablative technologies.
The trial evaluates outcomes including quality of life, urinary continence, erectile function, and long-term efficacy, with follow-up extending to 10 years. The study’s findings are anticipated to substantiate the use of TULSA as an effective and patient-preferred alternative to radical prostatectomy, potentially influencing clinical practice and reimbursement policies.
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Beyond the Semen Analysis 2024: State of Art Male Fertility Testing
Larry I. Lipshultz, MD, critically examines the limitations of traditional semen analysis in evaluating male infertility and advocates for the adoption of advanced diagnostic techniques.
In this 23-minute presentation, Dr. Lipshultz shares that semen analysis still relies on parameters like sperm count, motility, and morphology. Lipshultz underscores the need for innovative tests beyond standard semen analysis, introducing several emerging techniques. He highlights DNA fragmentation testing and epigenetic testing. Emerging assays like non-obstructive azoospermic (NOA) tests and sperm fertility window assessments offer further diagnostic precision. Whole genome sequencing, utilizing advanced nanopore technology, is poised to revolutionize male infertility diagnostics by identifying specific genetic anomalies.
Dr. Lipshultz asserts that traditional semen analysis is outdated and should be supplemented with new advanced, functionally informative tests to enhance diagnostic accuracy and patient care in infertility treatment.
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